Docker Command Line Step by Step¶
Docker Images¶
Docker images can be pulled from the docker hub, or build from Dockerfile.
docker pull¶
docker pull will pull a docker image from image registry, it’s docker hub by default.
$ docker pull ubuntu:14.04
14.04: Pulling from library/ubuntu
04cf3f0e25b6: Pull complete
d5b45e963ba0: Pull complete
a5c78fda4e14: Pull complete
193d4969ca79: Pull complete
d709551f9630: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:edb984703bd3e8981ff541a5b9297ca1b81fde6e6e8094d86e390a38ebc30b4d
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:14.04
If the image has already on you host.
$ docker pull ubuntu:14.04
14.04: Pulling from library/ubuntu
Digest: sha256:edb984703bd3e8981ff541a5b9297ca1b81fde6e6e8094d86e390a38ebc30b4d
Status: Image is up to date for ubuntu:14.04
docker build¶
Create a Dockerfile in current folder.
$ more Dockerfile
FROM ubuntu:14.04
MAINTAINER xiaoquwl@gmail.com
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y redis-server
EXPOSE 6379
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/redis-server"]
Use docker build to create a image.
$ docker build -t xiaopeng163/redis:0.1 .
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
xiaopeng163/redis 0.1 ccbca61a8ed4 7 seconds ago 212.4 MB
ubuntu 14.04 3f755ca42730 2 days ago 187.9 MB
docker history¶
$ docker history xiaopeng163/redis:0.1
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT
ccbca61a8ed4 2 minutes ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/redis 0 B
13d13c016420 2 minutes ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 6379/tcp 0 B
c2675d891098 2 minutes ago /bin/sh -c apt-get update && apt-get install 24.42 MB
c3035660ff0c 2 minutes ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER xiaoquwl@gmail.c 0 B
3f755ca42730 2 days ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/bin/bash"] 0 B
<missing> 2 days ago /bin/sh -c mkdir -p /run/systemd && echo 'doc 7 B
<missing> 2 days ago /bin/sh -c sed -i 's/^#\s*\(deb.*universe\)$/ 1.895 kB
<missing> 2 days ago /bin/sh -c rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* 0 B
<missing> 2 days ago /bin/sh -c set -xe && echo '#!/bin/sh' > /u 194.6 kB
<missing> 2 days ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:b2236d49147fe14d8d 187.7 MB
docker images¶
docker images will list all avaiable images on your local host.
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
ubuntu 14.04 aae2b63c4946 12 hours ago 187.9 MB
docker rmi¶
Remove docker images.
$ docker rmi aae2b63c4946
Untagged: ubuntu:14.04
Deleted: sha256:aae2b63c49461fcae4962e4a8043f66acf8e3af7e62f5ebceb70b181d8ca01e0
Deleted: sha256:50a2a0443efd0936b13eebb86f52b85551ad7883e093ba0b5bad14fec6ccf2ee
Deleted: sha256:9f0ca687b5937f9ac2c9675065b2daf1a6592e8a1e96bce9de46e94f70fbf418
Deleted: sha256:6e85e9fb34e94d299bb156252c89dfb4dcec65deca5e2471f7e8ba206eba8f8d
Deleted: sha256:cc4264e967e293d5cc16e5def86a0b3160b7a3d09e7a458f781326cd2cecedb1
Deleted: sha256:3181634137c4df95685d73bfbc029c47f6b37eb8a80e74f82e01cd746d0b4b66
Docker Containers¶
Start a container in interactive mode¶
$ docker run -i --name test3 ubuntu:14.04
pwd
/
ls -l
total 20
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Nov 30 08:51 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 10 2014 boot
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 360 Nov 30 09:00 dev
drwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 62 Nov 30 09:00 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 10 2014 home
drwxr-xr-x. 12 root root 4096 Nov 30 08:51 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 33 Nov 30 08:51 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 23 01:30 media
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 10 2014 mnt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 23 01:30 opt
dr-xr-xr-x. 131 root root 0 Nov 30 09:00 proc
drwx------. 2 root root 35 Nov 30 08:51 root
drwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 Nov 29 20:04 run
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Nov 30 08:51 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 23 01:30 srv
dr-xr-xr-x. 13 root root 0 Sep 4 08:43 sys
drwxrwxrwt. 2 root root 6 Nov 23 01:32 tmp
drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root 97 Nov 30 08:51 usr
drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root 4096 Nov 30 08:51 var
ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:ac:11:00:04
inet addr:172.17.0.4 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::42:acff:fe11:4/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:648 (648.0 B) TX bytes:648 (648.0 B)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
exit
$
Start a container in background¶
Start a container in background using xiaopeng163/redis:0.1 image, and the name of the container is demo.
Through docker ps we can see all running Containers
$ docker run -d --name demo xiaopeng163/redis:0.1
4791db4ff0ef5a1ad9ff7c405bd7705d95779b2e9209967ffbef66cbaee80f3a
$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
4791db4ff0ef xiaopeng163/redis:0.1 "/usr/bin/redis-serve" 5 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 6379/tcp demo
stop/remove containers¶
Sometime, we want to manage multiple containers each time, like start, stop, rm.
Firstly, we can use --filter to filter out the containers we want to manage.
$ docker ps -a --filter "status=exited"
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c05d6d379459 centos:7 "/bin/bash -c 'while " 3 days ago Exited (137) 11 hours ago test3
8975cb01d142 centos:7 "/bin/bash -c 'while " 5 days ago Exited (137) 3 days ago test2
Secondly, we can use -q option to list only containers ids
$ docker ps -aq --filter "status=exited"
c05d6d379459
8975cb01d142
At last, we can batch processing these containers, like remove them all or start them all:
$ docker rm $(docker ps -aq --filter "status=exited")
c05d6d379459
8975cb01d142